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- <text>
- <title>
- Lebanese Foreign Minister's Statement, Oct. 31, 1991
- </title>
- <article>
- <hdr>
- Foreign Policy Bulletin, November/December 1991
- The Madrid Middle East Peace Conference, October 30-November 1,
- 1991. Lebanese Foreign Minister Fares Boueiz, October 31.
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> (Excerpt) Having paid the price of the international and
- regional conflicts which were reflected on our soil, we have
- set out on the path to internal peace and have succeeded in
- carrying out a number of essential and important tasks thereby
- surprising everyone. The challenge and the dream came together.
- We first set up a government of national unity which adopted and
- applied the Taif agreement. We also introduced a number of
- Constitutional amendments to ensure a wider and more globally
- based political participation of all the components of the
- Lebanese formula. The state undertook to dissolve the militias
- and collect their weapons; artificial barriers which had split
- areas, sects and parties were dismantled; and the Lebanese were
- assimilated again into society, thus rejecting the separation
- which had been forced upon them.
- </p>
- <p> The state then started rebuilding its national security and
- administrative institutions, the army regained its unity and
- began to deploy, spreading the authority of the Lebanese State
- on most of its territory--thus paving the way for Lebanese
- sovereignty to be exercised on Lebanese soil.
- </p>
- <p> All this took place in a brief span of time with modest means
- compensated only by the support of some of our brothers and
- friends. Lebanon proved once again it was capable of overcoming
- its trials and tribulations and astonish the world. Miracles are
- easy when destiny is at stake. The state did all it could on the
- home front and frustrated a number of claims such as: Lebanon
- could not be unified or can not take a national decision. But
- our great endeavor will not totally succeed as long as there
- are pending questions which go beyond our internal borders and
- touch upon regional as well as international factors.
- </p>
- <p> Events have shown that Lebanon is whole and cannot be
- fragmented. The South and the North, the Bekaa, Beirut and the
- mountains are all part of it. Deprived of any of its areas, it
- would lose a vital limb, bleed forever, struggle and vent its
- rage on every part of the world--this rage often turning into
- resistance against occupation.
- </p>
- <p> Violent acts increased, their victims were to be found among
- the Lebanese and non-Lebanese alike. This violence though
- painful at times was nothing but an anguished expression of
- passionate determination to let justice prevail.
- </p>
- <p> Ladies and gentlemen, events have proved that South Lebanon,
- in particular, can detonate a conflagration of the entire
- situation, that its sons would express their wrath as long as
- they have to suffer the yoke of occupation and as long as United
- Nations resolutions and international laws which guarantee a
- solution to the problem are ignored and not respected.
- </p>
- <p> This occupation and the accompanying events and developments
- have cost Lebanon and the world dearly. Every country has, one
- way or the other, paid the price of Israeli occupation of the
- South.
- </p>
- <p> Ladies and gentlemen, Lebanon was and still is a peace-loving
- country, cofounder of the United Nations Organization, President
- of one of the sessions of the General Assembly and contributor
- to the establishment of several international organizations,
- namely the International Court of Justice of which it was a
- member. It also took part in the drafting of the International
- Covenant of Human Rights. Lebanon adheres to international
- legitimacy, and abides by U.N. Security Council and General
- Assembly resolutions as well as the rules of international law.
- </p>
- <p> Lebanon calls for a new international order where principles
- of law, rejection of aggression, and peaceful settlement of
- disputes prevail.
- </p>
- <p> Lebanon attaches great importance to the implementation of
- Resolution 425 since the Armistice Agreement of 1949 still
- governs the situation with Israel. Article 8 provides "that this
- agreement shall remain in force until both parties reach a
- peaceful settlement."
- </p>
- <p> It is for all these reasons that Lebanon has sought and still
- seeks to apply Security Council Resolution 425 of 19 March 1978
- which calls for strict respect for the territorial integrity,
- sovereignty and political independence of Lebanon within its
- internationally recognized boundaries.
- </p>
- <p> It also calls upon Israel to cease its military action
- against Lebanese territorial integrity and withdraw forthwith
- its forces from all Lebanese lands.
- </p>
- <p> The resolution decided to establish immediately an interim
- force for South Lebanon under the authority of the United
- Nations for the purpose of confirming the withdrawal of Israeli
- forces, restoring international peace and security and assisting
- the Government of Lebanon in ensuring the return of its
- effective authority in the area.
- </p>
- <p> Although Resolution 425 met obstacles which prevented its
- immediate, total and unconditional implementation, in keeping
- with the letter of its text, due to the persistent refusal by
- Israel to implement it, these have only redoubled Lebanon's
- insistence on its literal application. Lebanon views the
- implementation of this resolution as a challenge to and a test
- of the sincerity of the international community which must
- demonstrate seriousness in complying with its own resolutions
- and in finding the necessary elements to implement both letter
- and spirit of that document.
- </p>
- <p> The implementation of this resolution would show clearly that
- the international community does not apply double standards,
- that what is true of its compliance with international law and
- its respect of the sovereignty exercised by independent states
- on their territory extends to all regions and all cases without
- any discrimination.
- </p>
- <p> I must, in this respect, remind you that Lebanon was the
- first Arab country to condemn the aggression on Kuwait. Lebanon
- never faltered one instant throughout the crisis. Its position
- was based on the principle of the sovereignty and independence
- of states, even though Lebanon found it difficult to apply
- international law by force to a fraternal Arab country--albeit
- an aggressor.
- </p>
- <p> The Lebanese Government who wishes this conference total
- success would like to assure you that it will spare no effort
- to have Resolution 425 implemented, whatever path this
- conference may follow and whatever its final results may be. We
- have notified the tow cosponsors of this conference, the United
- States and the Soviet Union, that our acceptance of the
- invitation to attend was predicated on this position. Here I
- would like to praise the numerous friendly countries which have
- supported our position, namely the United States of America
- which has notified us in writing of its firm position which is
- that the total implementation of Resolution 425 does not depend
- upon a comprehensive solution in the region nor is it linked to
- it, even though such a solution would enhance peace and
- stability in Lebanon.
- </p>
- <p> Resolution 425 is a separate and complete resolution,
- comprising an inherent detailed mechanism for its
- implementation. It is in no way linked to any of the efforts
- being pursued to apply the international resolutions related to
- the question of the Arab territories occupied in 1967, namely
- Resolutions 242 and 338.
- </p>
- <p> We wish these efforts to come to a successful, rapid and
- total conclusion, but as we do so we reiterate that Lebanon is
- concerned above all with the total liberation of its territory.
- Lebanon accepts no substitute to Resolution 425 and expects that
- the search for peace and the emerging signs of the new
- international order will contribute towards eliminating the
- obstacles which stand in the way of its implementation, and
- will overcome once and for all the procrastination experienced
- in enforcing it.
- </p>
- <p> Upon implementation of Resolution 425 Lebanon will firmly
- undertake to control the security on its internationally
- recognized borders and will preempt any security breaches,
- thereby removing any justification for acts of resistance
- against the occupation.
- </p>
- <p> The borders themselves are covered by Resolution 425 which
- is based on the Armistice Agreement of 1949. They are
- internationally recognized and can in no way be the subject of
- negotiations.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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